How to reduce trade-offs between supporting and regulating ecosystem services from urban and peri-urban forests?

This lecture explores strategies to balance and enhance multiple ecosystem services provided by urban and peri-urban forests. It focuses on how to minimize trade-offs between supporting services (such as habitat provision and biodiversity) and regulating services (such as air purification, cooling, and stormwater management). Students will learn about planning approaches, tree species selection, spatial design, and management practices that promote multifunctional green spaces. Emphasis is placed on integrating ecological knowledge with urban planning to create resilient, healthy, and sustainable urban forest systems.